The commodity market plays a crucial role in the economic landscape of any country, facilitating the trading of raw materials and primary agricultural products. In India, the commodity market operates through various exchanges, and understanding the timings of these markets is essential for traders and investors. This article explores the commodity market timings in India, shedding light on the trading hours and the significance of each session.
Commodity Trading Timings
The standard market schedule for commodity trading in the Commodity Derivatives segment is applicable throughout the workweek, from Monday to Friday, except weekends (Saturdays and Sundays) and any predetermined holidays officially announced by the Exchange. These holidays are communicated in advance to the exchange members.
This schedule clarifies for market participants, ensuring they are aware of the regular operating days and any anticipated breaks in trading activity.
Multi-Commodity Exchange (MCX)
The Multi-Commodity Exchange of India Ltd. (MCX) is one of the leading commodity exchanges in the country. It offers a platform for trading various commodities, including precious metals, base metals, energy, and agricultural commodities. The trading hours for different segments on MCX are as follows:
- Opening time: 9:00 AM
- Closing time: 11.30 PM
MCX market timing is divided into morning and evening sessions.
- Morning session: 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM
- Evening session: 05:00 PM to 11:30/11:55 PM
- Internationally linked agricultural items are traded between 5:00 PM to 9:00/9:30 PM.
Segregation of MCX trading time based on commodity categories:
| Commodity type | Trade start time | Trade closing time (after the beginning of daylight saving in the US in spring) | Trade closing time (after the end of daylight saving in the US in spring) |
| Internationally referenced non-agriculture commodities | 9:00 AM | 11:30 PM | 11:55 PM |
| Trade modification | 11:45 PM | 11:59 PM | |
| Position limit/collateral value set-up/ cut-off end time | 11:45 PM | 11:59 PM |
Commodity Market Holidays
Trading remains suspended on Saturdays and Sundays as weekly holidays. Besides, MCX also publishes a list of stipulated holidays when no trading will happen on the MCX exchange. Below is a complete list of trading holidays and the days they fall.
| Holiday | Date | Day | Morning session | Evening session |
| Republic Day | January 26, 2023 | Thursday | Closed | Closed |
| Holi | March 7, 2023 | Tuesday | Closed | Open |
| Ram Navami | March 30, 2023 | Thursday | Closed | Open |
| Mahavir Jayanti/Baba Saheb Ambedkar Jayanti | April 4, 2023 | Tuesday | Closed | Open |
| Good Friday | April 7, 2023 | Friday | Closed | Closed |
| Ambedkar Jayanti | April 14, 2023 | Friday | Closed | Open |
| Maharashtra Day | May 1, 2023 | Monday | Closed | Open |
| Bakri Eid | June 29, 2023 | Thursday | Closed | Open |
| Independence Day | August 15, 2023 | Tuesday | Closed | Closed |
| Ganesh Chathurthi | September 19, 2023 | Tuesday | Closed | Open |
| Mahatma Gandhi Jayanti | October 2, 2023 | Monday | Closed | Closed |
| Dussehra | October 24, 2023 | Tuesday | Closed | Open |
| Diwali Balipratipada | November 14, 2023 | Tuesday | Closed | Open |
| Gurunanak Jayanti | November 27, 2023 | Monday | Closed | Open |
| Christmas | October 25, 2023 | Monday | Closed | Closed |
MCX exchange organises a particular Muhurat trading on the day of Diwali. The Muhurat trading window remains open for one hour, and then trading closes for the day. The exchange will announce Muhurat trading timing subsequently.
Besides the holidays mentioned above, some holidays fall on Saturdays and Sundays. Since these two days are weekly holidays, we didn’t mention them in the holiday list above.
Commodity Market Timing
Traders can buy and sell stocks during morning and evening sessions.
Morning session:
The morning session starts at 9:00 AM and lasts till 5:00 PM. Traders can place orders on securities, including bullions, base metals, and energy commodities.
Evening session:
The evening session is between 5:00 PM and 11:30/11:55 PM. Traders can transact in bullions, base metals, and energy commodities. International traders placing orders on agricultural goods can trade till 9:00/9:30 PM.
The trade timing of the evening sessions is revised twice a year to match the beginning and end of daylight saving in the US. It means that in summer, the evening session closes at 11:30 PM, and in winter, the closing time gets extended to 11:55 PM.
Factors Influencing Commodity Market Timings
- Global Supply and Demand: Fluctuations in global supply and demand, triggered by events like geopolitical tensions, can prompt extended trading hours to meet increased market activity.
- Market Regulations: Trading hours are governed by market regulations to ensure fairness and transparency, providing all traders with equal market access.
- Time Zone Differences: The global nature of commodity markets means that time zone variations impact trading hours, reflecting the international scope of trading.
- Economic and Political Events: Events such as policy changes or natural disasters in commodity-producing regions can introduce volatility, leading to adjustments in trading hours.
- Seasonal Demand: Seasonal fluctuations in demand, especially for agricultural commodities during planting and harvesting seasons, can influence changes in trading hours.
Best Time for Commodity Trading
- Opening Hour Advantage: Trading in the first few hours after the market opens is favourable due to high liquidity. This makes it easier to execute trades and manage positions effectively.
- Overlapping Trading Sessions: Look for opportunities during overlapping trading sessions, such as when Asian and European markets coincide. This can increase activity in specific commodities like gold and crude oil.
- Volatile Periods as Opportunities: Embrace market volatility, as it often brings more significant price movements. Take advantage of these fluctuations to make strategic trading decisions. For example, periods of geopolitical uncertainty can impact commodity prices, creating opportunities for traders.
Can MCX Change the Holidays or Timings?
MCX is given the authority to change, alter, or introduce new holidays. They will declare those by issuing separate circulars.
MCX stands for Multi-commodity Exchange and gives traders a comprehensive trading platform when they first register where they can control online trading, risk control, settlement and clearing of commodity derivative trades.
The MCX commodity trading time and holidays are declared in advance to help traders plan their trades carefully. MCX trading holidays comprise national and regional holidays, and the morning session remains closed during all these holidays. Please check the list above to know whether the evening session will remain closed.
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FAQs
When is the commodity market open for trading?
The commodity market is open from Monday to Friday. Trading happens in two sessions: the morning session (9:00 AM to 5:00 PM) and the evening session (05:00 PM to either 11:30 PM or 11:55 PM).
What is MCX, and why is it important?
MCX, or Multi-Commodity Exchange, is a major platform for trading various commodities like metals, energy, and agriculture products.
What are the specific trading hours for different commodity categories on MCX?
MCX has morning and evening sessions. The morning session is from 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM, and the evening session is from 05:00 PM to either 11:30 PM or 11:55 PM, depending on daylight saving time.
Why is there a special category for Internationally Referenced Non-Agri Commodities?
This category involves commodities with global references, and their trading follows specific schedules, including modification and position limit/collateral setup/cutoff times.
Can MCX change trading holidays?
Yes, MCX has the authority to change or introduce new holidays, and any changes are communicated through circulars.
