One essential concept in finance is the concept of tax liability. This refers to the amount of tax that a taxpayer is required to pay to the government for a specific taxable year. It is calculated by subtracting the amount of taxes previously paid from the taxpayer's correct tax liability for the year. In simpler terms, it is the excess amount that a taxpayer owes to the government. Understanding tax liability is crucial in managing one's finances and ensuring compliance with tax laws.