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One important term in finance is the Characteristic Line, which is the regression line derived from regression analysis. This line showcases the estimated linear relationship between the dependent variable, the factor we aim to explain, and the independent variable, the factor we use to explain it.
For instance, if we want to explain IBM's return by using the Dow Jones Industrial Index, we can represent this relationship through a linear equation: RIBM = a + bRDow Jones. The line with an intercept of a and a slope of b is known as the characteristic equation.