Government securities, also known as G-secs, are an important investment option for individuals and institutions alike. They are essentially loans taken by the government, with a fixed or floating interest rate, to fund their financial needs. These securities are issued by either the central or state government and are considered to be a safe and stable investment option. They are typically long-term in nature, with maturity periods ranging from 5 to 20 years. G-secs play a significant role in the financial market and are closely monitored by investors and economists.