Insurance policies are designed to provide financial protection to individuals or businesses in the event of a loss. In simpler terms, it is an agreement between the insurer and the insured, under which the insurer agrees to pay a predetermined amount of money to the insured or their beneficiaries in case of a covered loss. This amount is fixed and not dependent on the extent of the loss. An example of this is a life insurance policy, where the insurer pays a set amount to the beneficiary upon the death of the insured.